The ecosystem-based management of boreal forest in Quebec
(june 2010)
The ecosystem-based management concept is relatively recent in Quebec. Its gradual setting-up joins in the renewal of the forest practices to answer more adequately the ecological concerns inherent to the concept of sustainable forest development, which contains legal fondations in the law on forests.
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The certification of the forest surfaces in Canada
(march 2010)
The certification of the forest surfaces appears as a voluntary and transparent process to establish a frame of management in compliance with the principles of sustainable development of forests. The forest certification aims at guaranteeing that forests are managed in the respect for the on a local scale regional and national values.
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Methodological approach
The semantic and semi-qualitative analysis
The analysis of contents of the memories takes back two modes of classification; the semantic categorization which consists in grouping together the subjects as they refer to the same abstract idea, and the lexical categorization. We complete the various categories established beforehand from the results obtained from an investigation of the theoretical corpus.
This first stage that is the semantic analysis is essentially of qualitative nature. During this stage, we produce the category-specific system at the same time as we classify the different reserved propositions there. It can be convenient to proceed to a preliminary division to realize in a systematic classification. However, the main part is to acquaint with elements to which we grant one certain attention. Some of these elements will like in a chain of some words while the others will become perceptible only in the reading of sentences or even complete paragraphs.
In the term of the semantic analysis, we hold certain number of propositions-types which can give place of semantic categories. We shall associate to each of these categories, a lexeme or a main idea; a term summarizing the idea of each of these reserved categories and occurrences of which we find inside the propositions belonging to the aimed categories. Ideally, in the whole of the propositions belonging to a given category, we shall refer to the general idea of these last ones both in the plan of semantics and the lexicon. Afterward, we proceed to the recording and to the classification of all the propositions of the sample containing in them, the case of the term of one of the ideas and centres beforehand reserved. All the relative clauses in an main idea or modality establishes a list of concordance. We hold different acceptable forms of propositions; the sentence, the paragraph, the chain of words, the character string. With regard to the last two forms of propositions, we have to take into account a fixed number of words or characters and the position of the term of the idea centre in this chain (at the beginning, in the centre, at the end). Finally, we proceed to a reading of each of the propositions to validate the actual membership in the aimed class.
The lexicometric analysis or quantitative
The tests of hypothesis
