The ecosystem-based management of boreal forest in Quebec
(june 2010)
The ecosystem-based management concept is relatively recent in Quebec. Its gradual setting-up joins in the renewal of the forest practices to answer more adequately the ecological concerns inherent to the concept of sustainable forest development, which contains legal fondations in the law on forests.
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The certification of the forest surfaces in Canada
(march 2010)
The certification of the forest surfaces appears as a voluntary and transparent process to establish a frame of management in compliance with the principles of sustainable development of forests. The forest certification aims at guaranteeing that forests are managed in the respect for the on a local scale regional and national values.
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Methodological approach
Lexicometric analysis
The data processing plays an essential role in the lexicometric data processing and the textual one. The memories which establish the corpus must be converted in a useful shape by the tools of treatment. In the term of the semantic analysis, we hold certain number of propositions-types which can give place of semantic categories. We shall associate to each of these categories, a lexeme or a main idea; a term which summarizes the idea of each of these reserved categories and occurrences of which we find inside the propositions belonging to the aimed categories.
Afterward, we proceed to the recording and to the classification of all the propositions of the sample containing in them, the case of the term of one of the ideas and centres beforehand reserved. All the relative clauses in a main idea or modality establishes a list of concordance. We hold different acceptable forms of propositions; the sentence, the paragraph, the chain of words, the character string.
Finally, we proceed to a reading of each of the propositions to validate the actual membership in the aimed class. For example, we hold the idea "training" for the capacity of this last one to report the industrial logic and type of Boltanski, as theoretical foundation. For that purpose, we have to hold the idea "training" in the measure or it supports the idea to improve the professional capacities.
Within the framework of a lexicometric analysis, we use the words or the lexicometric indicators only as graphic forms (Menard, on 1983) or as indications. The sense given to the words so held presents no scientific interest within the framework of such an analytical method. In the term of the analysis of the sample, for certain words, we observed a phenomenon of correlation between the custom of these last ones (frequency, order) and the membership in the one or other one of the foundations of the same system of classification. This simple phenomenon of correlation is enough to establish the indicator character of the terms so held and to make it measuring instruments applicable to the analysis of the corpus.
In this stage, we also proceed to a classification of the propositions of the sample according to the position of the author on the idea (positive or negative). Other criteria can add (of whom it is question, where).
The lexicometric analysis or quantitative
The tests of hypothesis
